The graph below ranks each Texas County by total residents according to the 2006 census estimates.
Texas total population by county
| County | Total Population |
| Harris |  3,886,207 |
| Dallas | 2,345,815 |
| Tarrant | 1,671,295 |
| Bexar | 1,555,592 |
| Travis | 921,006 |
| El Paso | 736,310 |
| Hidalgo | 700,634 |
| Collin | 698,851 |
| Denton | 584,238 |
| Fort Bend | 493,187 |
| Montgomery | 398,290 |
| Cameron | 387,717 |
| Williamson | 353,830 |
| Nueces | 321,457 |
| Brazoria | 287,898 |
| Galveston | 283,551 |
| Bell | 257,897 |
| Lubbock | 254,862 |
| Jefferson | 243,914 |
| Webb | 231,470 |
| McLennan | 226,189 |
| Smith | 194,635 |
| Brazos | 159,006 |
| Johnson | 149,016 |
| Ellis | 139,300 |
| Hays | 130,325 |
| Ector | 127,462 |
| Wichita | 125,158 |
| Taylor | 124,927 |
| Midland | 124,380 |
| Potter | 121,328 |
| Grayson | 118,478 |
| Gregg | 117,090 |
| Randall | 111,472 |
| Guadalupe | 108,410 |
| Parker | 106,266 |
| Tom Green | 103,938 |
| Comal | 101,181 |
| Kaufman | 93,241 |
| Bowie | 91,455 |
| Victoria | 86,191 |
| Orange | 84,243 |
| Hunt | 83,338 |
| Angelina | 82,524 |
| Henderson | 80,222 |
| Liberty | 75,685 |
| Coryell | 72,667 |
| Bastrop | 71,684 |
| San Patricio | 69,522 |
| Rockwall | 69,155 |
| Harrison | 63,819 |
| Walker | 63,304 |
| Starr | 61,780 |
| Nacogdoches | 61,079 |
| Wise | 57,891 |
| Anderson | 57,064 |
| Van Zandt | 52,916 |
| Maverick | 52,298 |
| Hardin | 51,483 |
| Lamar | 49,863 |
| Navarro | 49,440 |
| Hood | 49,238 |
| Cherokee | 48,513 |
| Rusk | 48,354 |
| Val Verde | 48,145 |
| Kerr | 47,254 |
| Polk | 46,995 |
| Medina | 43,913 |
| Atascosa | 43,876 |
| Burnet | 42,896 |
| Wood | 41,776 |
| Wharton | 41,475 |
| Jim Wells | 41,131 |
| Brown | 38,970 |
| Cooke | 38,946 |
| Wilson | 38,829 |
| Upshur | 37,923 |
| Matagorda | 37,824 |
| Caldwell | 36,720 |
| Hale | 36,317 |
| Hill | 35,806 |
| Jasper | 35,293 |
| Waller | 35,185 |
| Erath | 34,289 |
| Hopkins | 33,496 |
| Fannin | 33,337 |
| Bee | 33,176 |
| Howard | 32,463 |
| Washington | 31,912 |
| Kleberg | 30,353 |
| Titus | 30,306 |
| Kendall | 30,213 |
| Cass | 29,955 |
| Chambers | 28,779 |
| Palo Pinto | 27,797 |
| Uvalde | 27,050 |
| Shelby | 26,575 |
| Austin | 26,407 |
| Grimes | 25,552 |
| Milam | 25,286 |
| Aransas | 24,831 |
| San Jacinto | 24,760 |
| Gillespie | 23,527 |
| Houston | 23,044 |
| Panola | 22,989 |
| Limestone | 22,720 |
| Hockley | 22,609 |
| Fayette | 22,521 |
| Hutchinson | 22,460 |
| Gray | 21,919 |
| Colorado | 20,824 |
| Lampasas | 20,758 |
| Calhoun | 20,705 |
| Willacy | 20,645 |
| Moore | 20,591 |
| Tyler | 20,557 |
| Bandera | 20,203 |
| DeWitt | 20,167 |
| Montague | 19,810 |
| Jones | 19,645 |
| Gonzales | 19,566 |
| Lavaca | 18,970 |
| Freestone | 18,803 |
| Deaf Smith | 18,623 |
| Eastland | 18,293 |
| Llano | 18,269 |
| Bosque | 18,058 |
| Young | 18,021 |
| Falls | 17,547 |
| Burleson | 16,932 |
| Lee | 16,573 |
| Leon | 16,538 |
| Frio | 16,336 |
| Robertson | 16,214 |
| Scurry | 16,202 |
| Pecos | 16,139 |
| Karnes | 15,270 |
| Gaines | 15,008 |
| Nolan | 14,812 |
| Trinity | 14,296 |
| Jackson | 14,249 |
| Lamb | 14,244 |
| Wilbarger | 14,218 |
| Dawson | 14,174 |
| Newton | 14,090 |
| Comanche | 13,837 |
| Zapata | 13,615 |
| Callahan | 13,491 |
| Red River | 13,440 |
| Madison | 13,310 |
| Morris | 13,002 |
| Andrews | 12,952 |
| Duval | 12,437 |
| Camp | 12,410 |
| Terry | 12,387 |
| Zavala | 12,036 |
| Live Oak | 11,522 |
| Rains | 11,514 |
| Reeves | 11,466 |
| Clay | 11,104 |
| Marion | 10,970 |
| Runnels | 10,724 |
| Sabine | 10,457 |
| Dimmit | 10,385 |
| Franklin | 10,367 |
| Ward | 10,352 |
| Parmer | 9,714 |
| Stephens | 9,610 |
| Ochiltree | 9,550 |
| Mitchell | 9,327 |
| Archer | 9,266 |
| Blanco | 9,250 |
| Jack | 9,110 |
| Brewster | 9,048 |
| San Augustine | 8,888 |
| Coleman | 8,761 |
| Hamilton | 8,186 |
| McCulloch | 8,016 |
| Swisher | 7,830 |
| Somervell | 7,773 |
| Brooks | 7,731 |
| Childress | 7,717 |
| Presidio | 7,713 |
| Refugio | 7,596 |
| Castro | 7,449 |
| Yoakum | 7,438 |
| Goliad | 7,192 |
| Floyd | 7,053 |
| Winkler | 6,609 |
| Bailey | 6,597 |
| Carson | 6,595 |
| Crosby | 6,549 |
| Lynn | 6,212 |
| Dallam | 6,143 |
| San Saba | 5,993 |
| La Salle | 5,969 |
| Delta | 5,561 |
| Haskell | 5,438 |
| Hartley | 5,335 |
| Hansford | 5,237 |
| Mills | 5,184 |
| Jim Hogg | 5,027 |
| Garza | 4,877 |
| Wheeler | 4,854 |
| Kimble | 4,570 |
| Martin | 4,441 |
| Sutton | 4,281 |
| Hardeman | 4,250 |
| Fisher | 4,027 |
| Mason | 3,902 |
| Crockett | 3,879 |
| Donley | 3,848 |
| Crane | 3,845 |
| Baylor | 3,805 |
| Knox | 3,702 |
| Hall | 3,668 |
| Concho | 3,654 |
| Coke | 3,623 |
| Hemphill | 3,412 |
| Kinney | 3,342 |
| Hudspeth | 3,320 |
| Cochran | 3,214 |
| Shackelford | 3,194 |
| Upton | 3,134 |
| Lipscomb | 3,114 |
| Real | 3,061 |
| Reagan | 3,022 |
| Sherman | 2,936 |
| Collingsworth | 2,930 |
| Schleicher | 2,776 |
| Dickens | 2,596 |
| Culberson | 2,525 |
| Jeff Davis | 2,315 |
| Menard | 2,210 |
| Oldham | 2,133 |
| Armstrong | 2,120 |
| Edwards | 1,935 |
| Irion | 1,814 |
| Cottle | 1,679 |
| Throckmorton | 1,678 |
| Briscoe | 1,598 |
| Foard | 1,519 |
| Stonewall | 1,402 |
| Motley | 1,276 |
| Glasscock | 1,248 |
| Sterling | 1,246 |
| Terrell | 983 |
| McMullen | 913 |
| Roberts | 835 |
| Kent | 734 |
| Borden | 648 |
| Kenedy | 402 |
| King | 287 |
| Loving | 60 |